What is the Difference Between Pseudogout and Gout?

Pseudogout and gout are both crystal-induced arthropathies, but they are caused by different types of crystals and have distinct underlying causes. Here are the main differences between the two conditions:

1. Causes: Gout is caused by monosodium urate monohydrate crystals, while pseudogout is caused by calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals. High uric acid levels lead to the formation of monosodium urate crystals, resulting in inflammation and joint damage. Pseudogout, also known as calcium pyrophosphate disease (CPPD), is caused by the buildup of CPPD crystals in cartilage, triggering inflammation and pain.
2. Risk Factors: Gout is associated with diet, obesity, and certain medications, while pseudogout is not related to diet. Pseudogout has been linked to trauma, hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis, rheumatoid arthritis, hypomagnesemia, and osteoporosis.
3. Symptoms: Both conditions involve the abrupt onset of a red, hot, swollen, and painful joint. However, gout most often affects the big toe, while pseudogout often affects the knee, wrist, or ankle.
4. Diagnosis: The best way to diagnose both conditions is to draw fluid from an affected joint and examine it for the presence of crystals. Gout crystals are needle-shaped and negatively birefringent, while pseudogout crystals are rhomboid-shaped and positively birefringent. X-rays can also show different changes in the joints.
5. Treatment: Treatment differs for both conditions. For gout, decreasing uric acid levels through medication and diet modification can help prevent attacks. Pseudogout cannot be prevented or cured, but treatments can relieve symptoms, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other medications.

It is essential to get the right diagnosis to ensure appropriate treatment for both conditions.

Comparative Table: Pseudogout vs Gout

Pseudogout and gout are both forms of inflammatory arthritis that result from crystal deposits in the joints. However, they have different causes, triggers, and treatments. Here is a comparison of the two conditions:

Both pseudogout and gout can cause pain, redness, and swelling in and around the joints. However, they typically affect different joints and have different triggers. If a person experiences joint pain or swelling, they should consult a healthcare professional, as laboratory tests are necessary to make a definitive diagnosis.