What is the Difference Between Generator and Alternator?

The main difference between a generator and an alternator lies in the type of electrical energy they produce and the way they convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Type of Electrical Energy Produced: An alternator converts mechanical energy into AC (alternating current) electrical energy, while a generator can produce either AC or DC (direct current) electrical energy.
2. Magnetic Field Rotation: In an alternator, the magnetic field rotates around a stationary armature, whereas in a generator, the armature rotates inside a stationary magnetic field.
3. Size and Efficiency: Alternators are generally smaller in size and more efficient than generators. They are mainly used in the automobile industry as a charging system for batteries. Generators, on the other hand, are larger in size and less efficient. They are widely used to produce large-scale electricity and can be used as backup power supplies in homes, offices, and construction sites.
4. Battery Charging Capability: An alternator cannot charge a completely dead battery, while a generator can.
5. Sensitivity to Electrical Spikes and Polarity: Generators are not sensitive to errant electrical spikes or reversed polarity, conditions that can render an alternator inoperative.

In summary, generators are larger, less efficient, and can produce both AC and DC electrical energy, while alternators are smaller, more efficient, and produce only AC electrical energy. Generators are used for large-scale electricity production, whereas alternators are used as charging systems for batteries in the automobile industry.

Comparative Table: Generator vs Alternator

Here is a table comparing the key differences between a generator and an alternator:

Both generators and alternators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, they differ in their mode of operation and have different characteristics.