What is the Difference Between Australian Citizen and Resident?

The main differences between an Australian citizen and a permanent resident are in the rights and entitlements associated with each status. Here are the key differences:

Australian Citizen:

• Automatic right of entry to Australia.
• Right to vote in Australian government elections.
• Eligible to run for election.
• Access to federal government jobs.
• Consulate support while overseas.
• Eligible for student loans and HECS-HELP loans.

Australian Permanent Resident:

• Must have a valid travel authority to enter Australia.
• Generally cannot vote in Australian government elections.
• Can live, work, and study in Australia without restriction.
• Eligible for most government benefits and services.
• Can sponsor relatives for visas.
• Travel facility attached to their visa, usually allowing travel to and from Australia for 5 years.

While permanent residents have many of the same rights as citizens, they do not have the same level of commitment to Australia or the same level of access to certain rights and privileges. Becoming an Australian citizen means making an ongoing commitment to Australia and its values.

Comparative Table: Australian Citizen vs Resident

The main differences between an Australian citizen and a permanent resident are listed in the following table:

Australian citizens have an automatic right of entry to Australia, can vote in Australian government elections, and are generally taxed on all of their worldwide income. On the other hand, permanent residents need to ensure they have a permanent visa for re-entry, are usually not allowed to vote in Australian government elections, and are taxed only on income sourced in Australia. Both citizens and permanent residents can enroll in Medicare and work and study without restriction in Australia.