What is the Difference Between Written English and Spoken English?

The main differences between written English and spoken English can be categorized into several aspects:

1. Formality: Written language is generally more formal and follows the rules of the English language, while spoken language is less formal and the rules are less important. Spoken English may include slang, which is acceptable in informal conversations but not in written language.
2. Permanence: Written language is more permanent and less easily changed. Once something is printed or on the web, it is out there permanently. Spoken language, on the other hand, is more flexible and can be adjusted as the speaker receives feedback from the listener.
3. Skills: Spoken language involves speaking and listening skills, while written language requires writing and reading skills.
4. Tone and Pitch: In spoken language, tone and pitch are used to improve understanding, whereas written language can only use layout and punctuation to convey meaning.
5. Complexity: Written language is often more complex and requires punctuation, which has no equivalent in spoken language.
6. Grammar: In spoken English, the grammar is more relaxed and casual, while written English requires strict adherence to grammatical rules.
7. Context: The level of formality in both written and spoken English depends on the context. For example, people may text in a less formal manner but write more formally in a letter to their boss.
8. Pronunciation: Good and clear pronunciation is required for speaking, whereas a good knowledge of grammar is essential for writing.
9. Standard Language: Writing normally uses a generally acceptable standard variety of the language, whereas speech may sometimes be in a regional or other limited-context dialects.

Comparative Table: Written English vs Spoken English

Here is a table highlighting the main differences between written and spoken English:

Written English is generally more formal and complex than spoken English, with a focus on nouns and lexical complexity. Spoken English, on the other hand, is less formal and more reliant on verbs, often using tone, pitch, and volume to convey meaning. Written English requires reading and writing skills, while spoken English involves listening and speaking skills. Written language is also more permanent, whereas spoken language is transient and not recorded.