What is the Difference Between Umbrella and Excess?

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The main difference between umbrella and excess insurance lies in the scope of coverage they provide. Both types of insurance serve as additional layers of protection on top of underlying policies, but they have distinct characteristics:

  • Excess Insurance: This type of insurance provides higher financial limits beyond those covered by the underlying policy. It does not expand the terms or scope of the underlying policy but instead extends the limits to safeguard against unforeseen, catastrophic claims and losses. Excess insurance only covers situations where the underlying policy responds to a particular situation, such as major injuries or death.
  • Umbrella Insurance: Also known as excess liability insurance, umbrella insurance is a broader type of excess insurance that not only increases coverage limits but also expands the scope of coverage to cover situations outside the terms outlined in the underlying policy. Umbrella insurance provides a true blanket over the underlying policies, offering global coverage with its own set of limitations and exclusions, which are usually less restrictive than those of the underlying policy.

In summary, excess insurance is designed to provide higher coverage limits for claims within the scope of the underlying policy, while umbrella insurance offers both increased coverage limits and expanded coverage for situations beyond the scope of the underlying policy.

Comparative Table: Umbrella vs Excess

Here is a table comparing the differences between umbrella and excess insurance:

Feature Umbrella Insurance Excess Insurance
Definition Provides additional liability coverage beyond the limits of underlying policies and may cover risks excluded in the underlying policies. Provides additional limits to underlying policies but does not expand the terms or scope of the underlying policy.
Scope Broader coverage, expanding the scope of underlying policies. Limited to the scope of the underlying policies.
Policy Terms May have its own set of limitations and exclusions, which are usually less restrictive than the underlying policies. Follows the underlying policies' coverages and exclusions.
Coverage Covers claims that exceed the limits of the underlying policy and may also cover risks excluded in the underlying policies. Covers higher limits in case of catastrophic claims or loss but does not expand the terms or scope of the underlying policy.
Named Perils May cover additional named perils not covered by the underlying policies. Does not cover additional named perils.
Territory May provide coverage in a broader territorial scope than the underlying policies. Limited to the territorial scope of the underlying policies.