What is the Difference Between Strep A and Strep B?

Strep A and Strep B are two different types of bacteria that can cause various infections. The key differences between Strep A and Strep B include:

1. Causative bacteria: Strep A refers to Streptococcus pyogenes, while Strep B refers to Streptococcus agalactiae.
2. Locations of infection: Strep A typically causes infections on the surface of the skin and inside the throat, leading to conditions such as strep throat and scarlet fever. Strep B, on the other hand, usually lives harmlessly in the digestive system and in the vagina.
3. Target populations: Strep A is highly contagious and can spread through close contact with an infected person. Strep B is only a problem if it affects pregnant women, young babies, or elderly people.
4. Symptoms: Symptoms of Strep A infections can include a sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. In newborns, Strep B can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis, which can be life-threatening. In adults, symptoms of Strep B may include fever, low body temperature, difficulty breathing, difficulty feeding, rash, jaundice, sluggishness, irritability, and seizures.
5. Treatment: Both Strep A and Strep B infections are typically treated with antibiotics prescribed by a doctor. In some cases, surgery may be needed for certain conditions, such as bone or soft tissue infections.

It is essential to be aware of both types of bacteria and seek medical attention if you suspect an infection.

Comparative Table: Strep A vs Strep B

Here is a table comparing the differences between Group A Streptococcus (GAS) and Group B Streptococcus (GBS):

Both GAS and GBS are common streptococcal pathogens associated with various diseases. GAS, also known as Streptococcus pyogenes, is associated with acute rheumatic fever, pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, and necrotizing fasciitis. On the other hand, GBS, also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, is commonly associated with sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and urinary tract infections in neonates. Diagnosis of both GAS and GBS is based on demonstrating the presence of their respective group antigens on the streptococcal cells. Both GAS and GBS are sensitive to penicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin.