What is the Difference Between Static and Dynamic Routing?

The main difference between static and dynamic routing lies in how routes are updated and the level of security they provide. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. User-defined vs. Topology-based: In static routing, routes are user-defined and do not change unless manually reconfigured by a network administrator. In dynamic routing, routes are updated according to the network topology.
2. Protocols and Algorithms: Static routing does not use complex routing algorithms. Dynamic routing, on the other hand, uses distance vector protocols (e.g., RIP, IGRP) and link state protocols (e.g., OSPF, IS-IS) to adjust routes.
3. Security: Static routing provides higher security because it doesn't share routes across the entire network. Dynamic routing is less secure due to message broadcast and multicast.
4. Routing Table Size: Static routing has a smaller routing table with only one entry for each destination. Dynamic routing requires routers to send out their entire routing tables to identify routes.
5. Compute Power and Bandwidth: Static routing requires less compute power and bandwidth, as it only has one preconfigured route. Dynamic routing requires more computation and bandwidth to generate multiple route possibilities.
6. Network Size: Static routing is suitable for small networks with fewer routers. Dynamic routing is preferred for large networks with multiple routers and is more adaptable to changes in network topology.

In conclusion, static routing is more suitable for small, stable networks with a limited number of routers, while dynamic routing is better for large, dynamic networks with multiple routers. Some networks may use a combination of both static and dynamic routing as appropriate.

Comparative Table: Static vs Dynamic Routing

Here is a table comparing the differences between static and dynamic routing:

• Static Routing involves manually configuring the routing table and updating routes when necessary. It is more secure and easier to configure than dynamic routing, but it is less flexible and requires manual updates when the network changes.

• Dynamic Routing, also known as adaptive routing, updates the routing table according to the topology. It uses complex routing algorithms and automatically adjusts to topology changes. Dynamic routing is more suitable for larger, more complex networks with multiple routers, and it provides flexibility for network architectures that frequently change.