What is the Difference Between Solution and Colloid?

The main difference between a solution and a colloid lies in the particle size and homogeneity of the mixture. Here are the key differences:

• Particle Size: In a solution, the particle size is typically in the range of 0.01 to 1 nm, consisting of atoms, ions, or molecules. In a colloid, the particle size is larger, ranging from 1 to 1000 nm, and consists of large molecules or aggregates.
• Homogeneity: Solutions are homogeneous mixtures, meaning they are completely uniform throughout. Colloids, on the other hand, are heterogeneous mixtures, consisting of two distinct phases: the dispersed phase (suspended particles) and the continuous phase (the medium of suspension).
• Tyndall Effect: Colloids scatter light, a phenomenon known as the Tyndall effect, which occurs when a beam of light traveling through the mixture is scattered, making its path visible. Solutions do not scatter light and do not exhibit the Tyndall effect.
• Filterability: Colloidal particles cannot be separated by filtration, while solution particles can be separated by filtration.
• Transparency: Solutions are generally transparent, while colloidal mixtures can appear opaque or translucent.

In summary, a solution is a homogeneous mixture with smaller particle sizes that do not scatter light, while a colloid is a heterogeneous mixture with larger particle sizes that do scatter light.

Comparative Table: Solution vs Colloid

Here is a table comparing the differences between solutions and colloids:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture where the particles are molecule-sized and cannot be separated by filtration. Light passes through the solution without scattering from the solute particles. A colloid, on the other hand, has particles that are larger than those in a solution (1-1000 nm) and can scatter light (Tyndall effect). The particles in a colloid do not settle out, making it appear to be cloudy but uniform and homogeneous.