What is the Difference Between Rapid and PCR Test?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚The main difference between rapid and PCR tests lies in their accuracy, detection method, and turnaround time. Here are the key differences:
- Detection Method: PCR tests detect the genetic material (RNA) of the virus, while rapid tests (also known as antigen tests) detect specific proteins found on the surface of the virus.
- Accuracy: PCR tests are generally considered more accurate than rapid tests, as they can detect even small traces of the virus in a sample. Rapid tests, on the other hand, are less accurate and may result in a higher chance of false negatives.
- Turnaround Time: Rapid tests provide results much quicker than PCR tests, with some results being available within 15 minutes. PCR tests, however, can take anywhere from 12 hours to five days for a person to receive their results.
Due to their higher accuracy, PCR tests are considered the "gold standard" for COVID-19 testing. However, rapid tests offer the benefit of quick results, making them suitable for situations where a faster diagnosis is necessary. It is essential to understand the limitations of each test type and choose the appropriate test based on your symptoms and exposure risk.
Comparative Table: Rapid vs PCR Test
Here is a table comparing the differences between Rapid and PCR tests:
| Feature | Rapid Test | PCR Test |
|---|---|---|
| Sample Collection | Nasal swab | Nasal swab |
| Testing Time | Results in less than one hour | Results can take up to a week or longer |
| Accuracy | Lower chance of false-negative results | Higher chance of false-negative results |
| Sensitivity | Highly sensitive and specific | Less sensitive and specific |
| Specificity | Detects genetic material of the virus (RNA) | Directly detects molecules on the surface of the virus |
| Use | Diagnose current infections, e.g., COVID-19 | Diagnose current infections, e.g., COVID-19 |
| Limitations | Can only detect active virus in the body, may not detect small amounts of the virus or asymptomatic cases as accurately | Detects even small traces of the virus, making it more reliable and accurate |
| Confirmation | May require a PCR test to confirm a negative result | Considered the gold standard for detecting COVID-19 |
Rapid tests, also known as antigen tests, detect current infections and produce results faster than PCR tests. However, they have a higher chance of yielding false-negative results. On the other hand, PCR tests are more reliable and accurate due to testing the specific genetic material of the virus, making even small traces of the virus visible in the test sample.
- PCR vs Real-time PCR
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- LAMP vs PCR Test
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- Consensus PCR vs Pan PCR
- PCR vs DNA Replication
- PCR vs DNA Sequencing
- Gene Cloning vs PCR
- Molecular vs Antigen Test
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- Quick vs Fast
- PCR Primers vs Sequencing Primers
- RAPD vs RFLP
- PFGE vs CRP Analysis
- Catalase vs Coagulase Test
- rDNA vs cDNA