What is the Difference Between Radar and Sonar?

Radar and sonar are both detection systems used for various applications, but they differ in the types of waves they use and their applications. Here are the key differences between radar and sonar:

• Full form: Radar stands for Radio Detection and Ranging, while Sonar stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging.
• Description: Radar is a detection and ranging system that uses electromagnetic waves (radio or microwaves) to detect objects, while Sonar is a detection system that uses sound waves to detect objects.
• Types of waves: Radar uses radio waves for its operation, while Sonar uses sound waves for its operation.
• Frequency range: Most practical radar systems operate between 400 MHz to 36 GHz, while Sonar operates at much lower frequencies.
• Applications: Radar is primarily used for surface and atmospheric observations, as electromagnetic waves are diminished in water. Sonar is ideal for underwater navigation and detection due to its ability to penetrate water.

Both radar and sonar systems work on the principle of echo detection, where waves are emitted from a source towards an object, and the waves bounce off the object, allowing the range and distance of the objects to be measured. However, the choice between using radar or sonar depends on the specific application and environment in which the system will be used.

Comparative Table: Radar vs Sonar

Here is a table highlighting the differences between radar and sonar:

Please note that the speed of the SONAR signal and its effect on electronic countermeasures are not explicitly mentioned in the search results but are inferred from the information provided.