What is the Difference Between Proliferative and Secretory Endometrium?

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus, and it goes through different changes during the menstrual cycle. The proliferative and secretory endometrium are two distinct phases of these changes.

Proliferative Endometrium:

• Occurs during the second phase of the uterine cycle.
• Under the influence of high estrogen levels.
• Causes the endometrial lining to proliferate, resulting in a thickened endometrium.
• Mature ovarian follicles secrete estrogen, which helps in the formation of a new endometrial layer.
• High levels of estrogen aid the cervix in producing cervical mucus, which facilitates the movement of sperm.
• Lasts for 10-12 days.

Secretory Endometrium:

• Occurs during the final phase of the uterine cycle.
• Under the influence of high progesterone levels.
• Ovaries release a mature egg, and the next phase of menstruation begins.
• The empty Graafian follicle changes into corpus luteum, which secretes large quantities of progesterone and estrogen.
• The endometrial lining becomes thick and ready for implantation.
• If no implantation occurs, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, hormonal secretion declines, and menstruation begins.

In summary, the proliferative endometrium is characterized by the growth and thickening of the endometrial lining under the influence of estrogen, while the secretory endometrium is characterized by the maturation of the endometrium in preparation for implantation under the influence of progesterone.

Comparative Table: Proliferative vs Secretory Endometrium

The endometrium is the innermost lining of the uterus, and it plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and fertilization. The proliferative and secretory phases are two distinct stages of the uterine cycle, each with unique characteristics and functions. Here is a comparison table between proliferative and secretory endometrium:

During the proliferative phase, the high level of estrogen helps the endometrium proliferate, and mature ovarian follicles secrete estrogen, which aids in the formation of a new endometrial layer. In contrast, the secretory phase occurs when the endometrium gradually thickens, and there is a surge in progesterone hormone, leading to the secretory endometrial phase. This phase prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports a potential pregnancy.