What is the Difference Between Progressive Wave and Stationary Wave?

The main difference between progressive and stationary waves lies in their phase and energy propagation characteristics. Here are the key differences between the two types of waves:

• Phase: In stationary waves, all particles in a loop are in the same phase and are in opposite phase with respect to particles in adjacent loops. In progressive waves, the phase changes continuously from particle to particle.
• Energy Propagation: Stationary waves do not undergo forward motion, and their crests and troughs appear to be stationary. Conversely, progressive waves move forward, allowing energy to be propagated through the medium.
• Amplitude: In stationary waves, the amplitude of each particle is the same, but there is significant variation in phase. In progressive waves, the amplitude of each particle varies, but the phase is continuous.
• Types: Progressive waves can be further divided into two types: longitudinal and transverse waves. Stationary waves, on the other hand, are the result of the superposition of two traveling waves with similar frequencies and amplitudes.

In summary, progressive waves involve a continuous change in phase and the propagation of energy through the medium, while stationary waves maintain a constant phase and do not propagate energy.

Comparative Table: Progressive Wave vs Stationary Wave

Here is a table comparing the differences between progressive waves and stationary waves:

A progressive wave is characterized by a movement of wave profiles and equal amplitude over all points, with net energy flow. On the other hand, a stationary wave is formed when two equal progressive waves traveling in opposite directions superimpose on each other, resulting in nodes and anti-nodes with varying amplitude and no net flow of energy. The phase difference between the reflected wave and the first wave in a stationary wave is half the phase of the first wave.