What is the Difference Between Petechiae Purpura and Ecchymosis?

Petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis are all terms related to bleeding that occurs in the skin. They differ in size and appearance:

1. Petechiae: These are small, usually rounded red or purple spots that are approximately 1-2 mm in size. They are less than 4 mm in diameter. Petechiae are tiny blood spots that do not blanch when pressed.
2. Purpura: These spots are larger than petechiae but less than 1 cm in size. Purpura measure between 4 and 10 mm in diameter. Like petechiae, purpura spots do not blanch when pressed.
3. Ecchymosis: These spots are larger than 1 cm in size. Ecchymoses are larger areas of bleeding under the skin that form due to ruptured blood vessels.

All three conditions (petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis) can be caused by various factors, including trauma, medications, and underlying medical conditions. Some common causes include:

• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (petechiae and purpura)
• Henoch-Schonlein purpura (purpura)
• Leukemia (purpura and ecchymosis)
• Medicines (e.g., anticoagulants, aspirin, steroids)
• Septicemia (petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis)

If you notice petechiae, purpura, or ecchymosis on your skin, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

Comparative Table: Petechiae Purpura vs Ecchymosis

Here is a table comparing the differences between petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis:

Petechiae are small, usually rounded red or purple spots that are approximately 1-2 mm in size. Purpura is larger than petechiae but less than 1 cm in size. Ecchymosis is described as hemorrhagic spots that measure over 1 cm in size. All three conditions result from bleeding under the skin but differ in size, appearance, and causes. Proper identification and treatment of the underlying cause are essential for managing these conditions.