What is the Difference Between Nucleus and Nucleolus?

The nucleus and nucleolus are both components of eukaryotic cells, but they have distinct differences:

1. Size: The nucleus is a large, membrane-bound organelle, while the nucleolus is a smaller, non-membrane bound sub-organelle found inside the nucleus.
2. Function: The nucleus houses the chromosomes and Genetic material of a eukaryotic organism and plays a crucial role in controlling cellular activities and regulating gene expression. The nucleolus, on the other hand, is primarily responsible for the synthesis of ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.
3. Nuclear Pores: The nucleus contains nuclear pores, which facilitate the selective transport of molecules through the membrane. The nucleolus does not have nuclear pores.
4. Structure: The nucleus is rich in DNA, the genetic material, while the nucleolus is rich in RNA and proteins.
5. Chromosomes: The nucleus contains chromosomes, which carry an organism's genetic material. The nucleolus does not hold any chromosomes.

In summary, the nucleus is a larger, membrane-bound organelle that houses the chromosomes and genetic material, while the nucleolus is a smaller, non-membrane bound sub-organelle that primarily synthesizes ribosomes.

Comparative Table: Nucleus vs Nucleolus

Here is a table highlighting the differences between the nucleus and the nucleolus:

In summary, the nucleus is a large membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's genetic material and controls gene expression, while the nucleolus is a smaller sub-organelle inside the nucleus that primarily synthesizes ribosomes and participates in other cellular functions.