What is the Difference Between Naloxone and Naltrexone?

Naloxone and naltrexone are both opioid antagonists that bind to opioid receptors in the brain to block the effects of opioids. However, they have different purposes and uses:

• Naloxone:
• Temporarily reverses the effects of an opioid overdose.
• Can be given as a shot or nasal spray.
• It is not an emergency drug.
• Can cause withdrawal symptoms, such as rapid heartbeat, nausea, sweating, tremors, vomiting, headaches, and changes in blood pressure, as it removes the opioid effect so quickly.
• Reversal effects wear off in about 30 minutes, so a second dose may be needed.
• It is available in all states, and in some states, it can be obtained without a prescription.
• Naltrexone:
• Treats opioid or alcohol use disorder.
• Given as a daily pill or a long-acting injection.
• Not an opioid and not addictive.
• Does not cause withdrawal symptoms when stopped suddenly.
• Blocks the effects of opioids and reduces cravings.
• Helps individuals not use opioid drugs while continuing other treatments, like counseling.
• Approved by FDA to help treat opioid use disorder.

In summary, naloxone is used strictly for treating opioid overdoses, while naltrexone is used for long-term treatment of opioid or alcohol use disorder.

Comparative Table: Naloxone vs Naltrexone

Naloxone and naltrexone are both opioid antagonist medications, but they have different uses, availability, and side effect profiles. Here is a comparison table highlighting the key differences between the two medications:

Both naloxone and naltrexone have similar functions, as they bind to opioid receptors in the brain to block the effects of harmful substances. However, naloxone is used for opioid overdoses, while naltrexone is used for the treatment of opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine which medication is appropriate for your specific needs and to ensure proper use and safety.