What is the Difference Between Mule Deer and Whitetail Deer?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Mule deer and whitetail deer are two distinct species with several key differences in appearance, behavior, and habitat. Here are the main differences between the two:
- Tail: Mule deer have a white rump and a tail with a black tip at the end, while whitetail deer have a brown rump and only the underside of their tail is white. This white portion can only be seen when the deer "flags" or holds its tail aloft as a signal to other deer.
- Antlers: The antlers of mule deer fork, meaning the points that come off their main beam split into two points. In contrast, the antlers of whitetail deer typically grow a main beam with single points coming off of that main beam.
- Ears: Mule deer have larger ears than whitetail deer. Their ears are so large that the name "mule deer" comes from their resemblance to a mule's ears.
- Size: Mule deer are generally larger than whitetail deer. On average, mule deer bucks weigh around 330 pounds, while the heaviest white-tailed deer bucks weigh around 300 pounds.
- Fur Color: Mule deer usually have lighter fur that covers from their eyes to their noses, while whitetails have rings of light fur around their eyes and above their nose.
- Behavior: Mule deer tend to be less aggressive and more laid back than whitetail deer. Whitetails are more likely to spook and flee, while mule deer are slightly more accepting of hunters and pressure.
- Movement: When fleeing, mule deer have a stiff-legged, bounding hop that whitetail deer do not have. White-tailed deer gallop rather than hop.
- Breeding: Mule deer does mate from mid- to late-November, while white-tailed deer breed from late-November to early December.
To differentiate between the two species, it is essential to consider multiple characteristics and not rely on just one or two features. By understanding these differences, you can accurately identify mule deer and whitetail deer in their natural habitats.
Comparative Table: Mule Deer vs Whitetail Deer
Here is a table comparing the differences between mule deer and whitetail deer:
| Feature | Mule Deer | Whitetail Deer |
|---|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Odocoileus hemionus | Odocoileus virginianus |
| Ear Size | Larger, set at about a 30-degree angle on the head | Rounded, stand more erect |
| Tail Shape | Rope-like, white with a black tip | Narrow, dark with a white underside and black tip |
| Fur Color | Grayish-brown, more grayish in winter | Reddish-brown, grayish in winter |
| Antlers | Forked, points split into two | Typically a main beam with single points off it |
| Body Size | Generally larger, especially in Colorado | Smaller, but more aggressive |
| Social Behavior | More solitary, wandering alone or with a few companions | Tend to be more social, traveling in groups |
| Mating Habits | Less aggressive during breeding season | More aggressive during breeding season |
| Habitat | Prefer open, rocky terrain | Prefer forests, wooded areas |
Mule deer and whitetail deer are both inhabitants of North America, but they have distinct differences in appearance, behavior, and habitat. Mule deer tend to be larger and more solitary, while whitetail deer are generally smaller and more social. Their antlers, fur color, and tail shapes are also unique to each species.