What is the Difference Between Lyases and Transferases?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Lyases and transferases are two types of enzymes that catalyze different biochemical reactions. Here are the main differences between them:
- Function: Lyases catalyze reactions in which a molecule breaks to form two different molecules without reacting with water. Transferases, on the other hand, catalyze the transfer of functional groups from one molecule to another.
- Catalysis: Lyases create new bonds by removing or adding functional groups, while transferases move functional groups from one molecule to another.
- Reaction Type: Lyases are involved in reactions where functional groups are added to double bonds or double bonds are formed via the removal of functional groups. Transferases catalyze the transfer of functional groups, such as phosphate and amino groups.
In summary, lyases are enzymes that catalyze the dissociation or breakdown of molecules by cleaving bonds without the use of water, while transferases are enzymes that catalyze the transferring of a functional group from one molecule to another.
Comparative Table: Lyases vs Transferases
Here is a table comparing lyases and transferases:
| Property | Lyases | Transferases |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Catalyze the breakdown or dissociation of molecules, cleaving C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds. | Transfer functional groups between molecules. |
| Examples | Decarboxylases, aldolases, dehydratases. | Coenzyme A (CoA) transferase, peptidyl transferase, uridyl transferase, catechol-O-methyltransferase, methylamine-glutamate N-methyltransferase, nucleotidyl transferase, acyltransferase, glycosyltransferase, hexosyltransferase, and pentosyltransferase. |
| Mechanism | Do not use water or oxidation to break bonds, generate double bonds or ring structures. | Use water or other molecules as hydrogen acceptors or donors. |
| Subclasses | Based on the type of bond cleaved (C-C, C-N, C-O). | Based on the functional group transferred (methyl, glycosyl, aldehyde, ketone, etc.). |
Both lyases and transferases are types of enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions. Lyases catalyze the breakdown or dissociation of molecules, cleaving various bonds and often generating double bonds or ring structures. Transferases, on the other hand, are responsible for transferring functional groups between molecules.
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