What is the Difference Between Linoleic Acid and Conjugated Linoleic Acid?

Linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are both omega-6 fatty acids, but they have distinct differences in their structure and properties. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Structure: Linoleic acid has an 18-carbon chain with two double bonds in a cis configuration, separated by a methylene group. In contrast, CLA has double bonds that are conjugated, meaning they are contiguous and separated by only a single bond.
2. Isomers: CLA is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid, while linoleic acid itself is a single compound.
3. Dietary sources: Linoleic acid is found in various plant oils, seeds, and nuts, while CLA is primarily found in dairy products and meat from ruminant animals.
4. Biological effects: Both linoleic acid and CLA have important biological functions, but they differ in their specific effects. For example, CLA has been shown to have efficacy against cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis in pre-clinical and human trials, while linoleic acid's role in these areas is less clear.

In summary, linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid are both omega-6 fatty acids with different structures, dietary sources, and biological effects. While both are essential for human health, they play distinct roles in various physiological processes.

Comparative Table: Linoleic Acid vs Conjugated Linoleic Acid

Here is a table comparing the differences between linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA):

Both linoleic acid and CLA are essential fatty acids that the body needs for various health benefits. While linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid with two non-conjugated double bonds, CLA is a mixture of linoleic acid isomers with conjugated double bonds. CLA is found naturally in dairy products and meat from ruminant animals, and it may have benefits for weight reduction and bodybuilding.