What is the Difference Between Jury and Grand Jury?

The main difference between a jury and a grand jury lies in their functions and procedures within the legal system. Here are the key differences:

Jury (Petit Jury):

A petit jury, also known as a trial jury, decides both criminal and civil cases.
In a criminal case, a petit jury decides whether the government has proved beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty.
In a civil case, a petit jury decides whether the plaintiff establishes with evidence that is more likely than not.
A petit jury hears evidence offered during a trial and returns a verdict.
Petit jurors hear a maximum of one case and are then discharged.

Grand Jury:

A grand jury focuses on preliminary criminal matters only.
The grand jury does not determine guilt or innocence but whether probable cause exists that a crime was committed.
If the grand jury determines there is enough evidence, an indictment will be issued against the individual.
A grand jury consists of 16-23 grand jurors.
Proceedings are private.
Grand jurors generally serve up to 18 months, but can serve for up to 24 months, if an extension is granted by a judge.
Grand jurors consider multiple cases over the course of their term of service.

In summary, a grand jury decides whether there is enough evidence to charge a suspect with a crime, while a trial jury determines the guilt or innocence of the accused during a trial.