What is the Difference Between Isopropyl Alcohol and Denatured Alcohol?

Isopropyl alcohol and denatured alcohol are both types of alcohols used in various applications, but they have differences in their chemical composition, toxicity, and uses.

Isopropyl Alcohol:

• Chemical formula: C3H8O
• Secondary alcohol
• Produced through a reaction of propylene, a petroleum byproduct, and sulfuric acid, and then adding water
• Not a primary alcohol; it's a secondary alcohol that has not been treated with additives, except for water
• Relatively mild effect on human skin
• Can be used safely to clean electronic components
• Commonly used in medical settings, such as disinfecting wounds, surfaces, hands, and medical equipment

Denatured Alcohol:

• Chemical formula: C2H6O (ethanol) with added toxic or bad-tasting additives
• Primary alcohol mixed with additives to make it unpalatable and, in some cases, even more toxic
• Contains ethanol (CH3CH2OH) that has been denatured with additives, such as 5 to 10 percent methanol, which is highly toxic when consumed orally
• Becomes more toxic than isopropyl alcohol after the addition of bittering agents
• Rarely used in medical settings due to its toxicity
• Can be used as a solvent in industrial applications

Both isopropyl alcohol and denatured alcohol are used in a wide range of industrial products, such as adhesives, sealants, antifreeze, laundry and dishwashing products, fabric and textile products, and plastic and rubber products. They can also be used as disinfectants and fuel additives. However, due to the toxicity and residue left by denatured alcohol, it is not recommended for cleaning electronics or for use in medical settings, where isopropyl alcohol is commonly used.

Comparative Table: Isopropyl Alcohol vs Denatured Alcohol

Here is a table comparing the differences between isopropyl alcohol and denatured alcohol:

Isopropyl alcohol and denatured alcohol have different structures, formulas, and reactions, which are important to consider when determining their respective uses. While they share some similarities, such as being used as disinfectants and having antiseptic properties, they also have distinct differences that make them more suitable for certain applications over others.