What is the Difference Between Isopentane and Neopentane?

The main difference between isopentane and neopentane lies in their chemical structures. Both compounds have the same chemical formula, C5H12, but they differ in the arrangement of their carbon atoms and methyl groups. Here are the key differences between isopentane and neopentane:

1. Isopentane consists of a four-membered carbon chain with a single methyl group attached to the second carbon atom in the chain. It has two $\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}$ groups.
2. Neopentane contains four methyl groups attached to a carbon atom at its center. It also has two $\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}$ groups.
3. Isopentane is a colorless liquid, while neopentane exists as a colorless gas.
4. Isopentane and neopentane are structural isomers of each other, meaning they have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures.

Due to these differences in chemical structure, isopentane and neopentane exhibit different chemical and physical properties, despite having the same chemical formula.

Comparative Table: Isopentane vs Neopentane

Isopentane and neopentane are structural isomers of each other, meaning they have the same chemical formula (C5H12) but different chemical structures. Here are the key differences between isopentane and neopentane:

Due to their different structures, isopentane and neopentane have different chemical and physical properties, despite having the same molecular formula.