What is the Difference Between Iodine and Potassium Iodide?

Iodine and potassium iodide are related but distinct chemical compounds. The key differences between them are:

1. Form: Iodine is an essential mineral found on the periodic table, while potassium iodide is a salt compound of iodine. Iodine is the element, and potassium iodide is a combination of iodine with potassium.
2. Function: Iodine is necessary for the body to synthesize the two thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Potassium iodide, on the other hand, is primarily used as a supplement to provide dietary iodine and as a thyroid-blocking agent in radiation emergencies.
3. Dietary sources: Iodine is found in various food sources, such as seaweed and saltwater fish. Potassium iodide is added to table salt to provide a source of dietary iodine.
4. Radiation protection: Potassium iodide can be used to protect the thyroid gland from radioactive iodine, which may be released during a nuclear accident or weapon event. By flooding the thyroid with non-radioactive potassium iodide, it prevents the absorption of radioactive iodine, reducing the risk of thyroid cancer.

In summary, iodine is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in thyroid hormone synthesis, while potassium iodide is a salt compound of iodine used for dietary iodine supplementation and radiation protection.

Comparative Table: Iodine vs Potassium Iodide

Here is a table summarizing the differences between iodine and potassium iodide:

In summary, iodine is a chemical element with atomic number 53, while potassium iodide is a chemical compound that combines iodine and potassium. The chemical structure, form, and usage of these two substances are different.