What is the Difference Between Inversion and Translocation?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Inversion and translocation are two types of chromosomal rearrangements that can lead to abnormalities. Here are the main differences between them:
- Inversion: This occurs when a segment of a chromosome is broken at two locations and then flipped 180 degrees and rejoined. It involves only one chromosome and is usually not associated with adverse effects unless there is a missing or wrong gene during the inversion process. Inversions can be either pericentric, involving the centromere, or paracentric, occurring outside of the centromere.
- Translocation: This occurs when two fragments of two non-homologous chromosomes trade places. Translocations can lead to diseases such as Down's syndrome, cancer, and infertility. There are three main types of translocations: reciprocal, nonreciprocal, and Robertsonian. In reciprocal translocations, there is no gain or loss of genetic information, while in nonreciprocal translocations, one-way translocation of a segment from one non-homologous chromosome occurs, and in Robertsonian translocations, translocation happens between two acrocentric chromosomes at or near the point of the centromere.
In summary, inversion is a chromosomal rearrangement within a single chromosome, while translocation involves the exchange of information between two non-homologous chromosomes. Inversion typically does not cause adverse effects, whereas translocation can lead to various diseases and abnormalities.
On this pageWhat is the Difference Between Inversion and Translocation? Comparative Table: Inversion vs Translocation
Comparative Table: Inversion vs Translocation
Here is a table comparing inversion and translocation:
| Feature | Inversion | Translocation |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Inversion is a chromosomal rearrangement where a fragment of a chromosome is reversed from end to end. | Translocation is a chromosomal rearrangement involving the exchange of information between two non-homologous chromosomes. |
| Number of Chromosomes Involved | Inversion involves only one chromosome. | Translocation involves two chromosomes. |
| Location of Rejoining | Inversion occurs in the same location within the same chromosome. | Translocation changes the location of the DNA fragment between chromosomes. |
| Harmful Effects | Inversion does not cause adverse effects unless there is a missing or wrong gene during inversion. | Translocation can cause diseases like Down's syndrome, cancer, and infertility. |
| Types | Inversion can be pericentric (includes the centromere; the break occurs in the arms) or paracentric (does not involve the centromere). | Translocation can be reciprocal (involving equal exchange of segments), nonreciprocal (involving unequal exchange of segments), or Robertsonian (involving translocation between two acrocentric chromosomes, at or near the point of centromere). |
Read more:
- Translocation vs Crossing Over
- Transportation vs Translocation
- Transition vs Transversion
- Reciprocal vs Nonreciprocal Translocation
- Transpose vs Inverse Matrix
- Robertsonian vs Reciprocal Translocation
- Nondisjunction vs Translocation Mutations
- Transformation vs Transmutation
- Paracentric vs Pericentric Inversion
- Ascent of Sap vs Translocation
- Transposon vs Retrotransposon
- Transformation vs Transfection
- Transformation vs Transduction
- DNA Transposons vs Retrotransposons
- Plasmid vs Transposon
- Transfection vs Transduction
- Transcription vs Translation
- Robertsonian Translocation vs Isochromosome
- Active Transport vs Group Translocation