What is the Difference Between Integral Proteins and Peripheral Proteins?

The main difference between integral and peripheral proteins lies in their association with the cell membrane and their functions. Here are the key differences:

• Integral Proteins:
• Permanently embedded within the cell membrane.
• Can be classified as transmembrane proteins (spanning the entire plasma membrane) or integral monotopic proteins (attached to the membrane from only one side).
• Perform various functions, such as cell adhesion, signaling, and facilitating the transport of substances across the membrane.
• Peripheral Proteins:
• Attached to the surface of the cell membrane, but can attach and detach at different times.
• Can be easily removed, allowing them to be involved in cell signaling.
• Often associated with integral membrane proteins or attached to a small portion of the lipid bilayer by themselves.
• Examples include hormones that attach to the cell and initiate cellular processes.

In summary, integral proteins are permanently embedded within the cell membrane and have a range of important functions, while peripheral proteins are loosely attached to the membrane surface and can be involved in cell signaling and other processes.

Comparative Table: Integral Proteins vs Peripheral Proteins

The main difference between integral proteins and peripheral proteins lies in their association with the cell membrane and their structure. Here is a table comparing the two:

In summary, integral proteins are embedded within the lipid bilayer and serve a wide range of functions, while peripheral proteins are found on the surface of the membrane and have a more limited range of functions.