What is the Difference Between Hydrogen Atom and Hydrogen Ion?

The main difference between a hydrogen atom and a hydrogen ion lies in their charge and composition.

• Hydrogen Atom: A hydrogen atom is neutral and consists of one proton and one electron. It is highly reactive in order to obtain a stable electron configuration. Elemental hydrogen exists as H2, which is a gas.
• Hydrogen Ion: A hydrogen ion, also known as a hydrogen cation or proton, is positively charged and consists of one proton but no electrons. It is formed when a hydrogen atom loses an electron. Hydrogen ions are less reactive than hydrogen atoms since they have already gained a stable state.

In summary, a hydrogen atom is neutral and has one proton and one electron, while a hydrogen ion is positively charged and has one proton without any electrons.

Comparative Table: Hydrogen Atom vs Hydrogen Ion

Here is a table comparing the differences between a hydrogen atom and a hydrogen ion:

A hydrogen atom is neutral and has one proton and one electron, making its electron configuration 1s1. On the other hand, a hydrogen ion (also known as a hydrogen cation or proton) has one proton but no electrons, giving it a positive charge. The hydrogen atom is stable and unreactive, while the hydrogen ion is unstable and reactive.