What is the Difference Between Hybridized and Unhybridized Orbitals?

The main difference between hybridized and unhybridized orbitals lies in their formation and the type of bonds they form:

Hybridized Orbitals:

Hybridized orbitals are a combination of unhybridized orbitals.
They are formed when atomic orbitals mix, resulting in a new set of orbitals that are suitable for bonding.
Hybridized orbitals have energy levels between those of the unhybridized orbitals they are composed of.
They are used to form sigma (σ) bonds, which are the strongest type of covalent bonds.
Examples of hybridized orbitals include sp, sp², and sp³ hybrid orbitals.

Unhybridized Orbitals:

Unhybridized orbitals are the regular atomic orbitals that are not mixed with other atomic orbitals.
They are used to form pi (π) bonds, which are weaker than sigma bonds.
Unhybridized p orbitals overlap side-by-side to form π bonds.

In summary, hybridized orbitals are a combination of unhybridized orbitals and are used to form strong sigma bonds, while unhybridized orbitals remain in their original state and are used to form weaker pi bonds.

On this page

What is the Difference Between Hybridized and Unhybridized Orbitals?

Comparative Table: Hybridized vs Unhybridized Orbitals

The main difference between hybridized and unhybridized orbitals lies in their formation and the type of bonds they form. Here is a comparison table highlighting the differences:

Hybridized Orbitals	Unhybridized Orbitals
Hybridized orbitals are created when atomic orbitals mix to form new, hybrid orbitals.	Unhybridized orbitals are regular atomic orbitals that have not undergone hybridization.
Hybridized orbitals are used to explain molecular shape and are suitable for forming σ bonds.	Unhybridized orbitals are used in the formation of π bonds.
An example of a hybridized orbital is the sp³ hybridized orbital, which is a blend of the s orbital and the 3 p orbitals.	An example of an unhybridized p atomic orbital is used in the formation of π bonds.

In summary, hybridized orbitals are a result of atomic orbitals combining to form new orbitals that help explain molecular shape and are suitable for forming σ bonds. On the other hand, unhybridized orbitals are regular atomic orbitals that are used in the formation of π bonds.

Guilherme Mazui

Guilherme Mazui is graduated in journalism from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and a master's degree in Communication from the University of São Paulo (USP). In addition, he has experience in advertising writing and has worked as a content editor in several companies.