What is the Difference Between Hybridization and Introgression?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Hybridization and introgression are both genetic processes that involve the exchange of genetic material between different species. However, there are key differences between the two:
- Hybridization refers to the interbreeding between individuals of two genetically distinct populations or species, resulting in the formation of hybrids. This process can lead to the creation of new species or the extinction of existing ones. Hybridization is considered an important evolutionary force in both plants and animals.
- Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, is the transfer of genetic material from one species into the gene pool of another, primarily through backcrossing. Introgression is a long-term process that may take many hybrid generations before significant backcrossing occurs. This process is distinct from most forms of gene flow, as it occurs between two populations of different species rather than two populations of the same species.
Both hybridization and introgression contribute to genetic diversity and can play a role in the formation of new species. However, the type of genetic crossover and the populations involved differ between the two processes.
Comparative Table: Hybridization vs Introgression
Here is a table comparing hybridization and introgression:
| Feature | Hybridization | Introgression |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Hybridization is the process of interbreeding between individuals from two distinct populations or species. | Introgression is the transfer of genes between species through hybridization, resulting in the incorporation of genetic material from one species into the genomes of another. |
| Occurrence | Hybridization can be natural or induced under in vitro conditions. | Introgression is a result of natural hybridization, which often occurs when previously allopatric populations come into contact. |
| Role in Evolution | Hybridization can lead to speciation, where different subspecies are formed due to the crossing over between species. | Introgression can contribute to the maintenance of genetic differentiation between species, enabling them to adapt to their respective environments. |
| Examples | Interspecific hybridization is common in plants, with at least 25% of existing species experiencing natural hybridization. | Ingestion of pollen from one oak species by another oak species results in a hybrid, which can backcross with its parent species, leading to introgression. |
In summary, hybridization refers to the interbreeding between individuals from different populations or species, while introgression is the transfer of genes between species through hybridization. Both processes contribute to genetic variation and can play a role in the evolution and adaptation of species.
- Interspecific vs Intraspecific Hybridization
- Hybridization vs Inbreeding
- Hybridization vs Cross Breeding
- Hybridization vs Cloning
- Cybrids vs Hybrids
- GMO vs Hybrid
- Hybridization vs Overlapping
- Heterosis vs Hybrid Vigour
- Monohybrid vs Dihybrid Crosses
- Integration vs Assimilation
- Inbreeding vs Outbreeding
- Recombination vs Crossing Over
- Micropropagation vs Somatic Cell Hybridisation
- Inclusion vs Integration
- Translocation vs Crossing Over
- Complementation vs Recombination
- Hybridized vs Unhybridized Orbitals
- Molecular Orbital Theory vs Hybridization Theory
- In Situ Hybridization vs Immunohistochemistry