What is the Difference Between Fibrous and Globular Proteins?

The main differences between fibrous and globular proteins are their structure, solubility, and function:

1. Structure: Fibrous proteins are composed of long, narrow strands, while globular proteins have a compact, spherical shape.
2. Solubility: Fibrous proteins are generally insoluble in water, whereas globular proteins are soluble in water.
3. Function: Fibrous proteins have a structural role, helping to maintain cell shape by providing a scaffolding or framework. Globular proteins, on the other hand, are functional and carry out specific biological functions in the body.
4. Amino Acid Sequence: The amino acid sequence in fibrous proteins is repetitive in nature, while the sequence in globular proteins is more irregular.
5. Sensitivity to Environmental Factors: Globular proteins are more sensitive to factors such as changes in temperature and pH, while fibrous proteins are less sensitive to these factors.

Examples of fibrous proteins include keratin, collagen, elastin, and fibrin, which are involved in structural support and provide mechanical strength to tissues. Examples of globular proteins include hemoglobin, myoglobin, insulin, and enzymes, which are typically involved in metabolic processes and often have enzymatic functions.

Comparative Table: Fibrous vs Globular Proteins

Fibrous and globular proteins are two distinct types of proteins found in living organisms. Here is a table highlighting their differences:

Fibrous proteins, such as collagen and keratin, provide structural support and mechanical strength to tissues and organs. In contrast, globular proteins, including enzymes and transport proteins, perform various functions such as enzymatic activity, transport, and regulation of cellular processes.