What is the Difference Between Fasting and Abstinence?

Fasting and abstinence are practices often associated with religious observance, particularly during Lent in the Catholic Church. They serve as forms of penance and self-discipline, but they have distinct differences:

• Fasting: This involves the reduction of one's intake of food. During Lent, Catholics are required to fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday, where they may eat one full meal and two smaller meals that together are not equal to a full meal. Fasting is practiced to develop self-discipline and spiritual strength.
• Abstinence: This refers to refraining from something that is good but not inherently sinful, such as meat. During Lent, Fridays are obligatory days of abstinence, meaning Catholics are required to abstain from meat. Abstinence is practiced to demonstrate self-control and devotion to spiritual matters.

Both fasting and abstinence play a role in the spiritual journey during Lent, helping believers to focus on their faith and personal growth.

Comparative Table: Fasting vs Abstinence

Here is a table comparing fasting and abstinence:

Notes:

• Fasting is obligatory for Catholics aged 18-59 years.
• Abstinence is obligatory for all who have completed their 14th year.
• Abstinence does not apply to those who are excused, such as children under 14, adults over 60, the sick, pregnant or nursing women, etc..
• Fasting and abstinence do not apply on Sundays or first-class feast days outside of Lent.