What is the Difference Between Erysipelas and Cellulitis?

Erysipelas and cellulitis are both bacterial skin infections, but they affect different layers of the skin and present with distinct characteristics:

Erysipelas:

• Affects the upper layers of the skin, specifically the dermis and superficial lymph vessels.
• Caused by streptococcus bacteria.
• Characterized by a well-demarcated, bright-red, raised skin rash.
• Affects the lower limbs and sometimes the face.
• Fever and generally feeling ill are more common in erysipelas.

Cellulitis:

• Affects the deeper layers of the skin, including the deep dermis layers and subcutaneous fat.
• Typically caused by staphylococcus bacteria, but streptococcus bacteria can also cause it.
• The reddened skin is less clearly defined than in erysipelas, and it is often dark-red or slightly purplish.
• Can spread along tendons and muscles, and pus may form.
• More systemic symptoms, such as fever and raised white blood cell count, are common.

Both infections can be treated with antibiotics, either orally or intravenously. If left untreated, they may lead to serious complications. Risk factors for these infections include skin problems like eczema, impetigo, fungal infections, wounds, and ulcers.

Comparative Table: Erysipelas vs Cellulitis

Erysipelas and cellulitis are both bacterial skin infections that can affect any area of the body, but they have some differences in their characteristics and affected layers of the skin. Here is a table comparing the differences between erysipelas and cellulitis:

Both infections typically resolve with appropriate treatment, such as oral antibiotics. However, in severe cases or if the infection spreads, intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.