What is the Difference Between Equalization and Neutralization?

Equalization and neutralization are two different processes used in water and wastewater treatment. Here are the main differences between them:

Equalization:

1. Flow equalization is the process of damping flow rate and concentration variations to achieve a constant or near-constant stream to the plant.
2. It is necessary for dampening fluctuations in flow velocity and flow composition, which can improve the performance of subsequent treatment steps.
3. Equalization mixers are used to blend influents from various sources to provide a uniform flow.

Neutralization:

1. Neutralization is the process of blending acid or caustic into the waste stream to adjust the basin's pH level.
2. It involves balancing the acidity or basicity to obtain a neutral solution.
3. Neutralization mixers ensure proper pH levels are achieved before entering the next process steps.

In summary, equalization focuses on controlling flow rate and concentration variations, while neutralization aims to adjust the pH level of the waste stream to achieve a neutral solution. Both processes are essential for optimal performance in water and wastewater treatment systems.

Comparative Table: Equalization vs Neutralization

The key difference between equalization and neutralization is that equalization refers to balancing the atoms of a chemical reaction equation, while neutralization involves balancing the acidity or basicity to obtain a neutral solution. Here is a table comparing the two:

Equalization is achieved by using stoichiometric coefficients in front of reactants and products, so that the number of atoms in the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms in the product side. On the other hand, neutralization involves controlling the flow velocity and flow composition, and is a crucial step in adjusting the pH level of a solution.