What is the Difference Between Epileptic Seizures and Dissociative Convulsions?

Epileptic seizures and dissociative convulsions, also known as non-epileptic seizures (NES) or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), share similarities but have distinct differences. Both involve episodes of uncontrolled movements, sensations, or behavior, but they have different causes and responses to treatment.

Epileptic Seizures:

Caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Partial seizures may have shorter duration and ictal EEG discharges may not be present, which can confound the diagnosis
Respond to anticonvulsant medication

Dissociative Convulsions:

Not caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Believed to be a physical reaction to distressing triggers such as sensations, thoughts, emotions, and difficult situations
Sometimes referred to as "psychogenic seizures" or "functional seizures"
Respond to psychotherapy to address underlying mental health issues rather than anticonvulsant medication

The similarity between the two types of seizures makes correct diagnosis challenging and crucial for appropriate treatment. Doctors may use electroencephalogram (EEG) tests or video-telemetry to help distinguish between epileptic and dissociative seizures. People experiencing either type of seizure should consult a neurologist for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

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What is the Difference Between Epileptic Seizures and Dissociative Convulsions?

Comparative Table: Epileptic Seizures vs Dissociative Convulsions

Epileptic seizures and dissociative convulsions share similar outward appearances, but they have distinct differences in their causes and characteristics. Here is a table comparing the two types of seizures:

Feature	Epileptic Seizures	Dissociative Convulsions (Non-Epileptic Seizures)
Cause	Abnormal electrical activity in the brain	Psychological or emotional factors, often triggered by stress or trauma
Electrical Activity	Abnormal electrical activity in the brain	No abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Consciousness	May lose consciousness or experience confusion after the seizure	Retained consciousness during the seizure; may interact with observers
Eye Flutter	Open or wide-open eyes during the seizure	Eye flutter, changes in intensity of the seizure induced by bystanders
Onset	Abrupt start to the seizure	Seizures start and end gradually, may be discontinuous
Recovery	Sleep or confusion after the seizure	Seizures may cease upon being touched or spoken to by a bystander
Diagnostic Test	Electroencephalography (EEG) may show abnormal electrical activity	EEG may show no abnormal electrical activity

It is essential to consult a specialist to determine the type of seizure and receive appropriate treatment.

Guilherme Mazui

Guilherme Mazui is graduated in journalism from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and a master's degree in Communication from the University of São Paulo (USP). In addition, he has experience in advertising writing and has worked as a content editor in several companies.