What is the Difference Between DHEA and DHEA-S?

DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) and DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) are both hormones that serve as precursors to sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone and play various roles in the body. However, there are key differences between the two:

1. Structure: DHEA-S is the sulfated form of DHEA, meaning it has an extra sulfate molecule attached to it.
2. Stability: DHEA's half-life is just 15-30 minutes, while DHEA-S is far more stable in the body, with a half-life of up to 10 hours.
3. Circulation: DHEA circulates in the bloodstream as a free form, unbound to proteins, while DHEA-S is the major circulating form of DHEA and is present in significantly higher concentrations.
4. Function: Both DHEA and DHEA-S can stimulate dopamine release, but they use different mechanisms. DHEA-S uses genomic, slow, long-lasting mechanisms, while DHEA signals to increase dopamine levels in rapid, intense, short-lived bursts.
5. Diagnostic Uses: DHEA is often measured as free DHEA in blood or saliva to assess adrenal function and hormonal imbalances, while DHEA-S is more commonly used to track hormone levels in certain situations, such as women taking DHEA supplements for ovarian health and egg quality.

In summary, DHEA and DHEA-S are distinct forms of the same hormone, each with its own characteristics and functions. DHEA serves as a precursor for sex hormones and has broader clinical applications, while DHEA-S acts as a storage form of DHEA in the body.

Comparative Table: DHEA vs DHEA-S

DHEA and DHEA-S are two related molecules that serve as precursors for sex hormones and play various roles in the body. Here is a table summarizing the differences between DHEA and DHEA-S:

Both DHEA and DHEA-S are primarily produced by the adrenal glands, and DHEA-S is a metabolite of DHEA. DHEA has hormonal activity, while DHEA-S is devoid of such activity. DHEA and DHEA-S perform similar functions, but they also have distinct mechanisms.