What is the Difference Between Dengue IgG IgM and NS1?

Dengue IgG, IgM, and NS1 are all tests used to detect dengue infection, but they differ in their detectable periods upon infection and the antibodies they target. Here are the key differences between them:

1. Dengue IgG: This is a type of immunoglobulin G antibody found in blood and lymph, produced and released by plasma B cells. It is completely detectable from exposure to the dengue virus from the 3rd week onwards.
2. Dengue IgM: This is another type of immunoglobulin M antibody that targets the dengue virus. The detection rate of IgM antibodies is directly proportional to the presence of IgG antibodies. IgM antibodies can be detected after 7 days of symptoms.
3. Dengue NS1: The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is secreted into the blood during dengue infection. NS1 tests detect this specific protein in serum samples. The sensitivity of NS1 detection decreases after the 7th day of symptoms.

A combination of these tests is often used for accurate early diagnosis of dengue infection. For example, the SD Dengue Duo Rapid Test Kit is sensitive and highly specific for detecting dengue infection early on, with the NS1 detection rate being inversely proportional and the IgM detection rate being directly proportional to the presence of IgG antibodies. Commercial kits are available for detecting all three types of tests, and they are significantly more accurate than other tests for detecting dengue infection.

Comparative Table: Dengue IgG IgM vs NS1

Dengue IgG, IgM, and NS1 are markers used to detect dengue infection. Here is a table summarizing the differences between them:

Dengue IgG and IgM are antibodies produced by the body in response to a dengue infection. IgG is detectable from the 3rd day of symptoms and may remain up to 6 months post-infection, while IgM appears by the 3rd day of symptoms and generally persists for 2-6 months. Dengue NS1, on the other hand, is a non-structural protein 1 detected during the first 7 days of exposure. The key difference between dengue IgG, IgM, and NS1 is their detectable periods upon infection.