What is the Difference Between Continuous Spectrum and Line Spectrum?

The main difference between a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum lies in the distribution of wavelengths of light present in each.

• Continuous Spectrum: A continuous spectrum contains all wavelengths of light in a certain range, producing a smooth, continuous distribution of colors. Hot, dense light sources, like stars, emit a nearly continuous spectrum of light. An example of a continuous spectrum can be seen in the visible light emitted by a blackbody, such as a hot, dense star.
• Line Spectrum: A line spectrum is one that only contains specific wavelengths of light. This type of spectrum is emitted when an atom or molecule transitions between quantized energy levels, and only certain energies are released as light. Line spectra are often observed in atomic and molecular emission spectra, where the discrete energy levels lead to the appearance of sharp, well-defined lines.

In summary, a continuous spectrum includes all wavelengths of light in a certain range, while a line spectrum contains only specific wavelengths of light.

Comparative Table: Continuous Spectrum vs Line Spectrum

Here is a table comparing the differences between continuous spectrum and line spectrum:

A continuous spectrum is formed by superimposing both the absorption and emission spectra of a species, resulting in a spectrum with all wavelengths within a given range and no observable gaps. On the other hand, a line spectrum contains only a few wavelengths, with large gaps between lines, and can be either an absorption or emission spectrum. Examples of continuous spectra include rainbows and black body radiation, while line spectra examples include the emission and absorption spectra of hydrogen gas.