What is the Difference Between Consequentialism and Utilitarianism?

Consequentialism and utilitarianism are two ethical theories that share many similarities but have distinct differences. Both theories focus on evaluating the consequences of actions to determine their moral value. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Desired Outcome: Consequentialism does not specify a desired outcome, while utilitarianism specifies good as the desired outcome. Utilitarianism, a form of consequentialism, posits that a given course of action is ethical if its consequences result in the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.
2. Hedonism: Utilitarianism is often associated with hedonism, which evaluates consequences based on the amount of pleasure or pain they produce. Consequentialism, on the other hand, does not necessarily imply hedonism and can encompass other forms of evaluation, such as focusing on the consequences of following or not following rules.
3. Theories: Utilitarianism is a specific consequentialist theory, while consequentialism is a broader term that encompasses various theories, including utilitarianism.

In summary, consequentialism is a broader ethical framework that focuses on evaluating the consequences of actions, while utilitarianism is a specific form of consequentialism that aims to maximize the good (happiness) and minimize the bad (pain) for the greatest number of people.

Comparative Table: Consequentialism vs Utilitarianism

Here is a table summarizing the differences between Consequentialism and Utilitarianism:

In summary, utilitarianism is a specific form of consequentialism that prioritizes maximizing overall happiness, while consequentialism is a broader category of moral theories focused on producing the right kinds of overall consequences.