What is the Difference Between Chloroform and Dichloromethane?

Chloroform and dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, are both organochlorine molecules used as solvents in various applications. They have some similarities, but there are key differences between the two:

1. Number of chlorine atoms: Chloroform contains three chlorine atoms per molecule, while dichloromethane contains only two chlorine atoms per molecule.
2. Molecular weight and boiling point: Chloroform (CHCl3) is a heavier solvent with a higher molecular weight and boiling point compared to dichloromethane (CH2Cl2).
3. Toxicity and environmental impact: Chloroform is more toxic and potentially carcinogenic, while dichloromethane is considered less hazardous. However, both compounds are volatile and can cause poisoning in cases of accidental or suicidal inhalation.
4. Industrial applications: Dichloromethane has been used as a substitute for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in certain applications due to the latter's impact on the ozone layer. It is also less expensive than chloroform.

In summary, chloroform and dichloromethane are organochlorine solvents with some similar properties but also important differences, such as the number of chlorine atoms, molecular weight, boiling point, toxicity, and environmental impact.

Comparative Table: Chloroform vs Dichloromethane

Here is a table comparing the differences between chloroform and dichloromethane:

Chloroform and dichloromethane are both organochlorine molecules, but they differ in the number of chlorine atoms per molecule and their polarity. Chloroform contains three chlorine atoms per molecule, while dichloromethane contains only two chlorine atoms per molecule. Chloroform is more polar than dichloromethane due to the extra electron-absorbing chlorine atom.