What is the Difference Between Chickenpox and Smallpox?

Chickenpox and smallpox are two distinct diseases that cause rashes and blisters, but they have different causative agents, symptoms, and levels of severity. The main differences between chickenpox and smallpox include:

1. Causative agents: Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus, while smallpox is caused by the Variola virus.
2. Symptoms: Both diseases cause pustules, blisters, and lesions on the skin, but smallpox spots are smaller and contain less fluid than chickenpox blisters. Chickenpox blisters appear like water bubbles, break easily, and can cause infection if not kept clean. Smallpox, on the other hand, has a more serious rash that can spread across the body, including the palms and soles.
3. Severity: Chickenpox is generally a milder illness that lasts between 4 and 7 days. In contrast, smallpox is much more severe and can be fatal, with about 3 out of 10 people who contract it dying. Survivors may be left with permanent scars or blindness.
4. Prevalence: Chickenpox is still a relatively common illness, especially in children. However, due to the smallpox vaccine, the disease has been eradicated worldwide, and the last case was reported in 1978.
5. Vaccination: Vaccines are available for both chickenpox and smallpox. The chickenpox vaccine has significantly reduced the prevalence of the disease. Smallpox vaccination is only recommended for those in high-risk situations, such as laboratory workers.

Comparative Table: Chickenpox vs Smallpox

Here is a table comparing the differences between chickenpox and smallpox:

Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and is still relatively common, especially among children. It typically lasts 5 to 7 days and presents with itchy blisters on the body, fever, and tiredness. On the other hand, smallpox is caused by the variola virus and has been eradicated since 1980. Smallpox was a much more severe disease, with a high fever, skin rash, and a fatality rate of about 30%.