What is the Difference Between Cast Steel and Cast Iron?

The main difference between cast steel and cast iron lies in their composition, specifically their carbon content. Cast iron typically contains more than 2 percent carbon, while cast steel often contains between 0.1–0.5 percent carbon. This distinction affects their mechanical and physical properties, making them suitable for different applications.

Some key differences between cast steel and cast iron include:

1. Ductility and strength: Cast steel is generally stronger and more ductile than cast iron due to its lower carbon content. Cast iron, on the other hand, is harder and more brittle.
2. Casting properties: Cast iron has better casting properties than cast steel, with better fluidity and suitability for complex, thin-walled castings. Cast steel has better shock absorption, wear resistance, and mobility.
3. Appearance: Cast steel is brighter, while cast iron is darker and greyer.
4. Corrosion resistance: Cast iron has better corrosion resistance than cast steel, but both materials will eventually oxidize in the presence of moisture unless coated.
5. Cost: Cast iron is often cheaper than cast steel due to lower material costs, energy, and labor requirements for production.

When choosing between cast steel and cast iron, consider the specific requirements of the final product, such as strength, ductility, casting complexity, and cost. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, making it suitable for different applications.

Comparative Table: Cast Steel vs Cast Iron

The main difference between cast iron and cast steel lies in their composition and properties. Here is a table comparing the two:

Cast iron typically contains more than 2% carbon, while cast steel often contains between 0.1–0.5% carbon. Cast iron is strong, heavy, and durable, making it suitable for long-term use and heavy-duty applications like café and restaurant table bases. On the other hand, cast steel is less durable and not suitable for heavy-duty applications. Cast iron has better corrosion resistance than cast steel. Cast iron is relatively easy to cast, as it pours easily and doesn't shrink as much as steel. The higher grades of grey cast iron can withstand greater load and a degree of tightness or lb for lb weight.