What is the Difference Between Calcium Ammonium Nitrate and Ammonium Nitrate?

Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and ammonium nitrate (AN) are both inorganic compounds used as fertilizers, but they have different compositions and properties. Here are the key differences between the two:

1. Composition: Calcium ammonium nitrate is a blend of about 20%-30% calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and 70%-80% ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃). Ammonium nitrate, on the other hand, is a white crystalline solid consisting of nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) and ammonium ions (NH₄⁺).
2. Nitrogen Content: Calcium ammonium nitrate contains both nitrate and ammoniacal forms of nitrogen, with about 27% nitrogen in total. Ammonium nitrate is a high-nitrogen fertilizer, but it only provides nitrate nitrogen.
3. Calcium Content: Calcium ammonium nitrate also contains about 20% calcium, which contributes to the formation of calcium carbonate. Ammonium nitrate does not contain any calcium.
4. Physical Properties: Calcium ammonium nitrate has a granular form, with particles ranging from 2 to 5 mm in size and a whitish to light brown color. Ammonium nitrate is a white crystalline solid at room temperature and standard pressure.
5. Uses: Both compounds are primarily used as fertilizers, but ammonium nitrate has additional applications in explosives, including improvised explosive devices. Calcium ammonium nitrate is used as a general plant fertilizer and, due to its calcium content, can help prevent blossom end rot in tomatoes and cucumbers.

In summary, the main differences between calcium ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate are their compositions, nitrogen content, calcium content, physical properties, and specific uses. While both compounds are fertilizers, calcium ammonium nitrate provides additional trace elements and has unique properties compared to ammonium nitrate.

Comparative Table: Calcium Ammonium Nitrate vs Ammonium Nitrate

Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and ammonium nitrate are both high-nitrogen fertilizers, but they have different composition, uses, and properties. Here is a table comparing the differences between the two:

In summary, calcium ammonium nitrate is a blend of calcium carbonate and ammonium nitrate, used as a general plant fertilizer and in instant cold packs. It has a granular form and is hygroscopic. On the other hand, ammonium nitrate is a pure nitrogen fertilizer without calcium carbonate, often used in explosives. It is a crystalline solid and does not absorb moisture from the air.