What is the Difference Between Arsenic and Arsine?

The main difference between arsenic and arsine lies in their chemical nature. Arsenic is a chemical element, while arsine is a chemical compound derived from the combination of arsenic and hydrogen atoms. Here are some key differences between the two:

• Chemical Element vs. Chemical Compound: Arsenic is a chemical element with atomic number 33 and the chemical symbol As. On the other hand, arsine is a gaseous compound with the chemical formula AsH3.
• Physical Properties: Arsenic usually exists as a grey-colored metalloid at room temperature. In contrast, arsine is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a faint odor.
• Solubility: Arsenic is water-insoluble, whereas arsine is slightly water-soluble.
• Crystal Structure: The crystal structure of arsenic is rhombohedral, while the geometry of arsine is trigonal pyramidal.

Both arsenic and arsine are highly toxic, and exposure to either can lead to serious health effects. Arsine is formed when arsenic comes in contact with an acid. It was investigated as a warfare agent during World War II but was never used on the battlefield. Currently, arsine is most commonly used in the semiconductor and metals refining industries.

Comparative Table: Arsenic vs Arsine

Here is a table comparing the differences between arsenic and arsine:

In summary, arsenic is a chemically element, while arsine is a chemical compound derived from arsenic and hydrogen. Arsenic exists as a grey-colored metalloid, while arsine is a colorless, flammable gas. Arsenic is water-insoluble, whereas arsine is slightly water-soluble. Arsenic has a rhombohedral crystal structure, and arsine has a trigonal pyramidal geometry. Arsenic does not have a specific odor, but arsine has a faint odor, often described as garlic-like or fishy.