What is the Difference Between Alpha Beta and Gamma Radiation?

The main differences between alpha, beta, and gamma radiation lie in their composition, ionizing power, and penetration capabilities. Here is a summary of their characteristics:

Alpha radiation consists of heavy, positively charged particles made up of two protons and two neutrons. It has high ionization power but low penetration capabilities, being stopped by a sheet of paper or a few centimeters of air. Alpha particles cannot penetrate intact skin.
Beta radiation consists of high-energy electrons or positrons carrying a negative charge. They are considerably smaller in size than alpha particles and have higher penetrative power. Beta particles can partially penetrate skin, causing "beta burns". They can be stopped by a layer of clothing or a few millimeters of a substance such as aluminum.
Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation, similar to visible light but with much higher energy. It has low ionization power but high penetration capabilities, being able to pass through a person damaging cells in their path. Gamma rays can easily penetrate barriers that can stop alpha and beta particles, such as skin and clothing.

In terms of danger, alpha particles are considered the most harmful when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through wounds, while gamma rays are considered the most dangerous form of radiation externally. The hazards of radiation exposure depend on factors such as the type of radiation, the dose, and the duration of exposure.